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There are more than 10,000 species of birds on Earth, and each one has a story worth discovering.

Which bird reaches the highest speed when diving to catch prey?

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Spot on! In its hunting dive, or stoop, the peregrine falcon can exceed 320 km/h (200 mph), making it the fastest animal on Earth.

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It's the peregrine falcon! When it folds its wings and dives, it can top 320 km/h (200 mph), faster than any other animal.

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What is the largest living bird species?

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Correct! The common ostrich can stand about 2.7 m (9 ft) tall and weigh over 130 kg (285 lb). It also lays the biggest eggs of any living bird.

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Good guess, but it's the common ostrich. It can reach about 2.7 m (9 ft) tall and weigh more than 130 kg (285 lb). It's far too heavy to fly, but it can run at about 70 km/h.

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Birds are the living descendants of which group of dinosaurs?

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Exactly! Birds evolved from small feathered theropods, the same group as Velociraptor and T. rex. That means birds are technically living dinosaurs.

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The answer is theropods, the two-legged dinosaurs that include T. rex and Velociraptor. Many theropods had feathers long before birds took to the air. Pterosaurs weren't dinosaurs at all.

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Scratch the card to reveal a fact about birds

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What lets hummingbirds fly backwards?

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Right! Their flexible shoulder joints let them swivel their wings and trace a figure-eight pattern. That gives them lift on both the upstroke and the downstroke, so they can hover and fly backwards.

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It's their shoulder joints, which let the wings rotate. The wings trace a figure-eight that makes lift in both directions, so hummingbirds can hover, fly sideways and even fly backwards.

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Roughly how far can an Arctic tern travel in a single year of migration?

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Impressive knowledge! Arctic terns fly between the Arctic and Antarctica each year. Tracked birds have covered about 70,000 km (44,000 miles), the longest migration of any animal.

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The answer is about 70,000 km (44,000 miles), the longest known migration of any animal. Arctic terns follow the summer from pole to pole, so they see more daylight than any other creature.

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Flip the card to reveal a fact about birds

Woodpeckers have a long tongue that wraps around their skull, helping cushion their brain while they hammer on trees.

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Why are flamingos pink?

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Exactly! Flamingos get carotenoid pigments from algae and brine shrimp, and their bodies turn them into pink and red colors in their feathers.

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The answer is their diet. Carotenoid pigments in algae and brine shrimp color their feathers, which is why flamingo chicks hatch grey and only turn pink later.

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Which living bird has the largest wingspan?

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Right! The wandering albatross can reach about 3.5 meters (11.5 feet) from wingtip to wingtip, which lets it glide over oceans for hours with barely a flap.

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It's the wandering albatross, with wings spanning up to about 3.5 meters (11.5 feet). The Andean condor is a close rival, but the albatross holds the record.

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What helps owls fly almost silently?

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Spot on! Comb-like edges and velvety feathers break up the air, muffling sound so owls can hear their prey while their prey can't hear them.

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The answer is soft, comb-like fringes on their feathers. They break up turbulent air and muffle noise, and many owls also have uneven ear openings that help them pinpoint sounds.

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Drag the slider to reveal a fact about birds

Can a bird sleep while flying?

Yes! Frigatebirds can sleep in flight, resting one half of their brain at a time while gliding over the ocean.

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Roughly when did the dodo go extinct?

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Correct! The dodo of Mauritius vanished by the late 1600s, less than a century after sailors arrived with hunting, rats, pigs and other invasive animals.

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The dodo was gone by around 1690. Hunting by sailors and invasive animals that ate its eggs wiped out this flightless bird of Mauritius in under a hundred years.

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How do young songbirds like zebra finches learn to sing?

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Well done! Young songbirds listen to an adult tutor, often their father, and practice during a sensitive period, a bit like babies babbling before they talk.

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They copy an adult tutor, usually during a sensitive period early in life. Young birds even 'babble' imperfect songs while practicing, which is why scientists study them to understand human speech learning.

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  1. Question 1:

    Which bird reaches the highest speed when diving to catch prey?

  2. Question 2:

    What is the largest living bird species?

  3. Question 3:

    Birds are the living descendants of which group of dinosaurs?

  4. Question 4:

    What lets hummingbirds fly backwards?

  5. Question 5:

    Roughly how far can an Arctic tern travel in a single year of migration?

  6. Question 6:

    Why are flamingos pink?

  7. Question 7:

    Which living bird has the largest wingspan?

  8. Question 8:

    What helps owls fly almost silently?

  9. Question 9:

    Roughly when did the dodo go extinct?

  10. Question 10:

    How do young songbirds like zebra finches learn to sing?

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